In brief A child can be highly able or gifted and also have dyslexia, ADHD, autism or another disability or barrier to learning. This is often called twice-exceptionality (2e). High ability can hide difficulties, because a child may compensate well enough to appear to be coping. Difficulties can also hide strengths, so average attainment does not necessarily mean average ability. Look for unexpected differences, such as advanced reasoning alongside weaker reading, writing, or